SOPHOS: A Young Researchers’ Journal

Umjetna inteligencija, filozofija, logika / KI, Philosophie, Logik

Karl Schlechta; Omar Mahmutović — Fri, 26 Dec 2025 00:00:00 +0000

Translated from: Karl Schlechta “KI, Philosophie, Logik," preuzet i preveden sa stranice arXiv, https://arxiv.org/pdf/1901.00365

Impresum

Editorial — Fri, 26 Dec 2025 00:00:00 +0000

Impresum

Sadržaj / Content

Editorial — Fri, 26 Dec 2025 00:00:00 +0000

Content

Kontakt podaci autora / Authors details

Editorial — Fri, 26 Dec 2025 00:00:00 +0000

Authors details

Tatjana TAKŠEVA (2025): Unforgetting and the Politics of Representation (New York: Routledge)

Selma Alispahić — Fri, 26 Dec 2025 00:00:00 +0000

Book review

Ulf HLOBIL, Robert BRANDOM (2024): Reasons for Logic, Logic for Reasons: Pragmatics, Semantics, and Conceptual Roles (New York: Routledge)

Omar Mahmutović — Fri, 26 Dec 2025 00:00:00 +0000

Book review

Rosi BRAIDOTTI (2022): Posthuman Feminism (Cambridge: Polity Press)

Jasmina Gerin Pelo — Fri, 26 Dec 2025 00:00:00 +0000

Book review

Tomislav TADIĆ (2025): Slavoluk filozofije: Studija o krletki kulture Kasima Prohića (Academia Analitica)

Omar Mahmutović — Fri, 26 Dec 2025 00:00:00 +0000

Book review

Les maisons familiales rurales, une forme scolaire "poreuse" dans l’enseignement professionnel français / Rural Family Houses: A “Porous” School Form in French Vocational Education

Joachim Benet Rivière — Fri, 26 Dec 2025 00:00:00 +0000

This article highlights how the dominant school form—characterized by a didactic contract and decontextualized knowledge—is evolving under the influence of so-called alternative schools in France. The Maisons Familiales Rurales (MFR, or Rural Family Houses), by integrating professionals as trainers (referred to as moniteurs) and blurring the boundaries between times and places of learning, illustrate a porous school form. This approach enables the circulation of knowledge where practical and oral knowledge takes precedence over written, academic knowledge. The article proposes reconsidering the school form not as a fixed model, but as a negotiated educational order, shaped in interaction with the social conditions of learning. The MFRs thus offer a revealing example of the structural adaptation of the school form in the context of vocational training through initial work-study programs rooted in the agricultural sector.

Provjera pouzdanosti i faktorske strukture skraćene focus-skale organizacijske klime na uzorku IT profesionalaca u Bosni i Hercegovini / Reliability and Factor Structure Assessment of the Shortened Focus Scale of Organizational Climate in a Sample of IT Professionals in Bosnia and Herzegovina

Aldina Leto, Mirna Marković, Dženana Husremović — Fri, 26 Dec 2025 00:00:00 +0000

The aim of this research was to examine the psychometric properties of the shortened FOCUS organizational climate scale on a sample of employees in the IT sector in Bosnia and Herzegovina. The research was conducted in two phases. The first phase, a pilot study, included 116 participants and involved item analysis, reliability analysis, and exploratory factor analysis (EFA). All items demonstrated satisfactory psychometric properties, with overall scale reliability of α = .88, indicating high internal consistency. Subscale reliabilities were also high: support (α = .86), innovation (α = .92), goals (α = .84), and rules (α = .78). The exploratory factor analysis confirmed the four-factor structure of the scale, with the factors of support, innovation, goals, and rules jointly explaining 68.33% of the total variance.
In the second phase, confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) was conducted on an independent sample of 334 participants. The CFA results indicated good fit to the proposed four-factor model (CMIN/df = 1.76; CFI = .96; TLI = .95; RMSEA = .068). The findings confirm that the shortened version of the FOCUS scale, after removing three items with poor psychometric properties, maintains validity and reliability for assessing organizational climate in the IT sector in Bosnia and Herzegovina. The results support the use of this instrument for precise measurement of the dimensions of support, innovation, goals, and rules, thereby contributing to a better understanding and improvement of organizational climate in modern organizations such as those in the IT sector.

Scientia mensura i čovjek-u-svijetu / Scientia Mensura and Man-in-the-World

Omar Mahmutović — Fri, 26 Dec 2025 00:00:00 +0000

This paper explores the epistemological and ontological project of Wilfrid Sellars in light of his distinction between the scientific and manifest images of the world, as well as his attempt to synthesize them. At the center of the analysis is Sellars’ formulation of the “man-in-the-world” which points to the need to reconcile the naturalistic and normative dimensions of the subject. The paper critically examines the thesis of scientia mensura, showing that although Sellars argues from a position of scientific realism, he insists on the normative autonomy of language, meaning, and rationality. This insistence stems from Sellars’ ambition to construct
a synoptic and stereoscopic vision of the world, which he places as a task before philosophy.

Separatist Narratives of Utopia: The Role of Boundary Phenomena in Defining Idealized Space(s) / Separatistički narativi utopije: uloga fenomena granice u definiranju idealiziranih prostora

Katarina Bošnjak Karadža — Fri, 26 Dec 2025 00:00:00 +0000

One of the most potent and genre-wide literary phenomena is the concept of utopia, an atemporal non-place where the perfect society lives. History of utopian thinking and writing showed that the notion of perfection is relative and grounded in real-life socio-spatial and temporal context. Utopias are manifold, yet, they are often very similar, even across different historical, geographical and cultural contexts. They can be deemed as radical critiques, yet they rarely renounce or reconsider archetypal narratives that in everyday life actually led to the crisis that was the impetus for their creation. Moreover, they are often rooted in exclusionary visions and practices, and nurture separatist narratives. This paper examines the manifestations of the mentioned separatist narratives through insight into features of various utopian city concepts in literary and architecture, in the realm of their interconnected toposphere, sociosphere and ethosphere.

Umreženi i intersekcionalni: Društveni pokreti u eri globalizacije i digitalnog aktivizma / Networked and Intersectional: Social Movements in the Era of Globalization and Digital Activism

Almina Selimbašić, Jelena Gaković — Fri, 26 Dec 2025 00:00:00 +0000

The article explores the ways in which contemporary social movements operate in the era of globalization, with an emphasis on their forms of organization and action within a networked society. Theoretically, our research primarily relies on Castells’ theory of networked social movements. The aim of the article is to highlight the significance of the concepts of networked structures and intersectionality, both in physical spaces and online environments. Through an analysis of relevant existing theory in the domain and analysis of illustrative examples, the article explores how social movements adapt to changing social conditions of contemporary world and develop their strategies of resistance and solidarity. In conclusion, the article demonstrates that intersectional networks and digital tools are crucial for the sustainable functioning of movements and for connecting diverse identities, struggles, and social spheres.

Srednjovjekovni francuski tekstovi: tradicija, digitalna transformacija i urednički izazovi / Medieval French Texts: Tradition, Digital Transformation and Editorial Challenges

Dijana Kapetanović — Fri, 26 Dec 2025 00:00:00 +0000

This paper examines the evolution of editorial practices in the publication of French medieval texts, from traditional printed critical editions to contemporary digital platforms. Particular attention is devoted to philological methodologies and their role in preserving the authenticity and integrity of textual sources. It further explores the implications of digital technologies for the accessibility, processing, and interpretation of manuscript corpora, highlighting the advantages of digitalization, the wide availability of databases, and the potential for detailed linguistic, paleographic, and cultural analysis. It emphasizes that digital formats enhance the transparency of editorial decisions without altering the intrinsic textual nature of the works. The paper also discusses the challenges of reconciling traditional methodological rigor with the flexibility provided by digital publishing, thus opening new perspectives on editorial practice and philological scholarship.

The Nation – The Social (Re)Formation of the Human Being / Nacija – Društveno preoblikovanje čovjeka

Semir Halilović — Fri, 26 Dec 2025 00:00:00 +0000

The nation represents a cultural and political division of human communities into distinct identity-based and territorially structured forms. It constitutes an ideologization of human beings and their reality through instruments of state coercion, or alternatively, an almost religious sentiment experienced by human beings who strive for consistency of meaning and order within their spatial and existential relations. This is a process that positions the world within the social dichotomy of “us” versus “them,” involving the diversification of humanity and its habitats along various lines. Historical separations of big nations began in the period between the collapse of the Western Roman Empire and the passing of Charlemagne from the historical and political stage. From that point onward, the idea of the nation gradually emerged over the course of several centuries and within the framework of Anglo-Francophone thought, drawing upon ancient and medieval philosophical reflections on social communities and political organization. From an academic perspective, the nation enters the historical stage when the bourgeois class emancipates the masses from their centuries-long subjugation to monarchical authority. Following the period of the “divine right of kings,” during which people existed as passive objects under monarchical rule, by the late eighteenth century the territorial population had transformed into a political subject. The promotion of the idea of political equality among individuals, the social contract (Rousseau), and the right to revolt against authority (Locke) constituted the foundation for the emergence of the nation concept. By abstracting religious, linguistic, and cultural varieties within a society – through mechanisms of assimilation and the construction of social reality – the political nation was either formed or, alternatively, “awakened.” Today, two dominant models of the nation are widely recognized. The first, emerging from the political West, is known as the civic model, in which culturally and ethnically diverse social units become legally, politically, and territorially unified within a single nation-state. In contrast, the ethnic model of the nation rarely succeeds in integrating cultural varieties within a coherent legal order, resulting in societies that often function as pluralistic (segregated) entities or within fragile state structures. The originator of this concept, Furnivall, conceptualizes such societies more as business partnerships than familial communities. These nations are not “created” but are perceived as being “discovered,” awakening from a historical slumber. This paper aims to discuss the scholarly conception of the origin and social function of the nation. Emerging as a social force capable of naturalizing ethnic differences within a territorially undefined or formally unborn state – or as a force that uproots native citizens from their historical habitats and transforms them into adversaries of their former selves – the nation manifests as an extraordinary driving social energy, directed toward the reconfiguration of both individual human reality and broader societal existence.

The Workplace Reintegration of Female Cancer Survivors: Insights from Women’s Experiences / Reintegracija žena koje su preživjele rak u radno okruženje: uvidi iz ženskih iskustava

Anela Lemeš, Marina Riđić — Fri, 26 Dec 2025 00:00:00 +0000

This pilot study explores the experiences of women cancer survivors from Sarajevo Canton, Bosnia and Herzegovina as they return to work after medical treatments. While international research has examined this issue extensively, highlighting the importance of support programs affecting successful workplace reintegration, research data on this topic in the B&H context remains limited. In this study, the empirical data were collected through semi-structured interviews, revealing that after returning to workplace women face major challenges related to psychosocial well-being, working relationships with employers, and legal aspects of workplace adjustments. Our sample consists of women aged 30–75 who have received treatment for breast or reproductive cancers. The results contribute to the understanding of the key barriers to workplace reintegration including limited access to information, insufficient systematic support, ambiguous reintegration protocols, and inconsistent interpretations of legal frameworks. Our findings point to the urgent need for tailored policies that promote sustainable, rights-based support for women re-entering the workforce after cancer diagnosis and therapy.

Prevazilaženje nacionalnih konflikata u demokratskim društvima / Overcoming National Conflicts in Democratic Societies

Adnan Fočo — Fri, 26 Dec 2025 00:00:00 +0000

Overcoming and harmonizing conflicts is a complex social process, especially in transitional and multinational countries such as Bosnia and Herzegovina. If we also take into account the war that took place at the end of the nineties and its consequences, then that process is more complex and multi-layered. This process takes place in different social spheres, from political, legal, economic and social to the change of the value paradigm and the general social system that is established within the framework of the new democratic society. There are several prerequisites for overcoming conflicts and the causes of war in BiH. In our analysis, we will try to point out only some important factors that influence the process of reconciliation, but also the change in social relations and the viewpoints of numerous social actors. Here, above all, we mean the contribution of the Hague verdicts for war crimes and other crimes committed during the war and aggression in Bosnia and Herzegovina in the period 1992-1995. In addition tothat, we will also deal with other social aspects aimed at reconciling and changing the paradigm of war and collectivist consciousness in relation to the needs and interests of people and citizens in democratic societies.